Medscape article summarizing PSA recommendations:
The most aggressive screening protocol is from the NCCN.
NCCN guidelines start from the premise that the patient has made a decision to seek early prostate cancer detection. They recommend beginning screening at age 40. The baseline PSA level, race, and family history are then used to determine the subsequent screening intervals. They recommend considering a biopsy for men with a total PSA level > 2.5 ng/mL, after further consideration of the PSA velocity, PSA density, and percent free PSA. They explain how these parameters can be used to lessen the possibility of confounding from benign prostatic hyperplasia. Furthermore, they describe how repeating PSA determinations with or without a trial of antibiotic therapy, as well as consideration of variability between different PSA assays, can reduce the likelihood of confounding from prostatitis or differences in PSA assay standardization. Moreover, they provide advice about whether or not repeat biopsies are needed and how to deal with the findings of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia or atypical glands suspicious for carcinoma on an initial biopsy.